Modern dystopian stuff often shows people wrestling with a super distorted version of our own anxieties. The big one is fighting for a sense of self when the system wants to erase you. It's not just about rebelling against a villain, but realizing you're a cog in a machine that doesn't even see you as human. Think of characters in 'The Handmaid's Tale' or 'Parable of the Sower'—they're battling to hold onto memories, language, or faith that the state wants to destroy.
Another huge struggle is the isolation that comes from pervasive surveillance. The character knows they're always being watched, which twists every relationship. Can you trust your family? Your neighbor? That paranoia eats away at basic human connection. It creates this awful choice between safe conformity and lonely, dangerous authenticity. I've noticed a shift from external action to internal decay in a lot of recent books, where the main fight is just staying mentally intact.
The physical struggle for resources in a collapsed world is still there, of course, but it's often framed as a moral test now. How far will you go for medicine, food, safety? Will you become the very monster you're fighting? That internal conflict between survival and morality feels way more common than the simple 'good rebels vs. evil empire' plots from older dystopias.