What Default Units Does Plt Subplots Figsize Assume?

2025-09-04 05:21:59 130

3 Answers

Graham
Graham
2025-09-05 04:57:51
Funny little detail that trips people up: matplotlib's figsize is measured in inches. I say this like someone chatting over coffee with a sketchpad of plots — figsize=(6,4) means 6 inches wide and 4 inches tall, not pixels, not centimeters. The reason that matters is DPI (dots per inch) — matplotlib uses the figure's DPI to convert those inches into pixels. By default, modern matplotlib sets figsize to (6.4, 4.8) inches and dpi to 100, so a default figure ends up being 640×480 pixels when rendered or saved (6.4*100 by 4.8*100).

In practice I often treat figsize like the physical size of a poster: if I need a poster for a talk or a high-res image for a paper, I pick bigger inches and/or bump dpi when saving. For example, figsize=(8,6) with dpi=200 gives 1600×1200 pixels. You can set dpi in plt.figure(..., dpi=...) or override it at save time with savefig(..., dpi=300). If you want to inspect or change a created figure you can use fig.get_size_inches() and fig.set_size_inches(w,h).

Tiny pro tip from my late-night tinkering: if you prefer metric, multiply inches by 2.54 to get centimeters. When embedding in notebooks some backends or frontends scale images visually, so pixel counts might feel off — but mathematically, figsize is always inches and the DPI does the conversion. I find thinking about inches helps when preparing figures for print or slides, and it makes resizing less mysterious.
Alex
Alex
2025-09-09 00:21:04
If you prefer a slower, careful take: figsize in plt.subplots is specified in inches. I tend to sketch layouts on paper first, so treating figsize as a physical measurement makes layout decisions intuitive. The library itself has defaults — pylab.rcParams['figure.figsize'] typically defaults to (6.4, 4.8) — and the conversion to screen pixels goes through DPI, defaulting to 100. So figsize and DPI together determine the pixel dimensions: width_pixels = width_inches * dpi, height_pixels = height_inches * dpi.

This matters in a couple of practical situations: when saving images for publications you often need a specific pixel dimension or resolution (PPI/DPI). You can either increase inches, increase dpi in savefig, or both. Also, when you embed plots into a GUI or a report, remember that some viewers may resample or scale the image, which is separate from the raw inch-to-pixel math. I often set rcParams['figure.dpi'] or pass dpi explicitly to savefig to guarantee final image quality. If you ever want exact control, set figsize in inches and then calculate pixels with your chosen dpi — it's predictable and reproducible, which I appreciate when polishing figures for a chapter or a post.
Charlotte
Charlotte
2025-09-09 05:20:28
Here’s the short practical rundown I keep in my head: figsize units are inches. I use that like a rule of thumb when I’m whipping up quick charts or prepping export-ready graphics. The number in figsize is multiplied by the figure DPI to yield pixel dimensions, so a figsize of (6.4, 4.8) with dpi 100 gives 640x480 pixels. If you need a larger image, either increase the inches or bump the dpi when saving (savefig(..., dpi=300)).

A couple of quick utilities I use: fig.get_size_inches() to check current size, fig.set_size_inches(w,h) to change it programmatically, and remember that rcParams holds defaults if you want project-wide consistency. Thinking in inches feels odd at first but it’s actually handy — it mirrors thinking about print layouts and slide design, and keeps pixel math simple.
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