Hmm, I feel like the question is looking for something specific, but most of the truly compelling sports novels I've read aren't just about a hero on the pitch. They're about everything else that happens off it. There's a Japanese manga-turned-light-novel series called 'The Knight in the Area' that gets this. It's not just about winning games; it's about a kid dealing with immense guilt and living in his older brother's shadow, using soccer as a way to process grief and find his own identity. The challenge isn't just the opponent; it's his own psychology. That's what sticks with you.
For a pure novel, 'Fever Pitch' by Nick Hornby is the classic, but it's from a fan's perspective. If you want the athlete's internal view, 'The Damned Utd' by David Peace is brutal and brilliant. It follows the legendary manager Brian Clough during his disastrous 44 days at Leeds United. It's less about glorious victory and more about obsession, ego, and the corrosive nature of trying to prove yourself. The challenge Clough overcomes is, arguably, himself. It's not a feel-good romp, but it's probably the most psychologically intense book about football ever written.
I guess my point is, the best ones make the sport a lens for human struggle. The actual soccer scenes are almost secondary to the personal stakes. A straightforward 'underdog wins the cup' story can be fun, but it rarely leaves a lasting mark. Look for books where the field is just the arena where deeper, messier battles get fought.