Nothing But the Truth' by Avi is a gripping novel told through documents, and its main characters feel so real because of that unique style. The protagonist is Philip Malloy, this earnest but stubborn ninth grader who just wants to run track, but gets tangled in a national controversy after humming the national anthem. His teacher, Margaret Narwin, becomes an unintentional antagonist—strict but principled, and caught in the crossfire. Then there's Philip's dad, who fuels the conflict with his own frustrations, and the school administrators who handle everything poorly. The media's role almost makes them secondary characters, twisting the story further.
What I love is how nobody's purely good or bad—Philip's not some hero, just a kid making messy choices, and Narwin's rigidity comes from caring about education. The lack of a traditional narrator makes you piece together their motives yourself, which is why the characters linger in your mind long after finishing.