When you peel the phrase apart, it becomes pretty straightforward: 'artinya' is Indonesian for 'means' or 'the meaning is', so 'desperate artinya' is someone asking what 'desperate' means in English or what the Indonesian equivalent is.
In English, 'desperate' usually describes a state of extreme urgency or hopelessness. It can mean mentally and emotionally devastated—like 'putus asa' in Indonesian—or it can mean driven to risky action out of necessity, which translates better as 'terdesak' or even 'nekat' depending on tone. For example, 'desperate attempts' often becomes 'usaha yang nekat' and 'desperate for help' is 'sangat membutuhkan bantuan' or 'putus asa meminta bantuan'.
Context shifts the feel: a romantic line like 'I'm desperate for your love' leans toward 'sangat menginginkanmu', while 'desperate times call for desperate measures' becomes 'masa-masa sulit memaksa langkah-langkah nekat'. I usually pick 'putus asa' for emotional despair and 'terdesak' or 'nekat' for pressured, urgent situations—works well in translation and keeps the tone intact.