In 'Harry Potter', it's always been a big point of discussion whether Neville could have been the 'Chosen One'. And the answer is, yes, he could have been. The prophecy was all about a boy born at the end of July, whose parents challenged Voldemort three times. This could have been either Harry or Neville.
However, it was Voldemort who made the choice. By attacking Harry, he inadvertently marked him as his equal. So, despite Neville's immense bravery and crucial role, Harry remained the 'Chosen One'.