For me, 'nakal' most naturally becomes 'naughty' in English — it’s the go-to word that captures the playful, slightly rebellious vibe. When I translate sentences, I usually think about tone first: 'anak nakal' often turns into 'a naughty child' or 'a mischievous kid'. That keeps it light and affectionate rather than harsh.
If the context is more adult or flirtatious, 'naughty' still works but can carry a cheeky, sexual undertone — think of someone winking after saying something suggestive. In contrast, when the behavior is serious or criminal, I'd shift to 'delinquent', 'wayward', or even 'troublesome'. Example switches I use: 'perilaku nakal' -> 'misbehavior' or 'bad behavior'; 'cowok nakal' can be 'a bad boy' or 'a roguish guy' depending on tone. I tend to pick words that match the speaker's attitude: affectionate, amused, annoyed, or worried. Personally, I like how the range of English options lets me preserve the original Indonesian flavor while making the nuance clear — it's one of those small translation puzzles I enjoy solving.