I still get a little giddy talking about this—imperial concubines are one of those subjects where myth and fact have been fighting for centuries. If you mean the classical East Asian model (like in imperial China), the basic historical outline is pretty solid: there was a formalized hierarchy of wives and concubines, palace women often came through selection processes, eunuchs and palace officials controlled daily life, and producing a son could massively change a woman's status. But that neat summary hides a ton of variation over time and place. The Han dynasty’s practices weren't identical to the Tang or Qing, and imperial systems in the Ottoman or Mughal worlds worked on different logics entirely.
Where dramatizations trip up is in emphasis and scale. TV shows love to focus on nonstop scheming, lush costumes, and melodramatic rivalries—those things existed, sure, but sources like court memorials, household registries, and edicts show quieter, bureaucratic realities: rules about promotions, pensions, the legal status of children, and occasionally the terrible precariousness of women’s lives. Some concubines wielded real power (and there are famous cases who shaped policy), while many others led restricted, disciplined lives centered on ritual, childbirth, and household duties. Archaeology and temple inscriptions also remind us that everyday life—food, illness, relationships with servants—mattered as much as palace plots. I like to read a mix of memoirs, legal records, and novels—it's the contrast between them that makes the past feel human rather than theatrical.