Man, thinking about this always makes me reread the sorting hat songs. Honestly, it feels less like they laid down perfect values and more like they each built a school around what they personally valued most, and the sorting hat just... codified their personalities into destiny. Gryffindor wanted bravery, so his common room is behind a portrait that demands passwords and challenges. Slytherin valued ambition and cunning, but also pure-blood lineage, which seeded centuries of elitism and internal conflict—that's not just a value, that's a flaw built into the system.
Ravenclaw's eagle knocker asking riddles is the perfect metaphor: intelligence as a gatekeeper, which can feel exclusive if you're not quick on your feet. Hufflepuff said she'd take the rest, but I think that undersells her; she valued hard work, loyalty, fairness—the foundational glue that actually keeps a society running. The houses became these self-fulfilling prophecies. Kids get told they're 'brave' or 'clever' at eleven, then spend seven years trying to live up to that label, often magnifying the founders' best and worst traits. The rivalries, the biases, they're baked into the architecture.